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asustaviejas Dumézil

historian of religions and French anthropologist leading scholar of Indo-European societies and religions. He is the creator of the method of comparative mythology.

began his career in 1921 as a university lecturer in French at the University of Warsaw. From 1925 to 1931 he teaches history of religions at the University of Istanbul, traveling at that time in the Caucasus. Between 1931 and 1993 was a lecturer in French at the University of Uppsala, deepening their knowledge of Scandinavian mythology. Later worked as a teacher of comparative mythology in the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, being expelled in 1941 for belonging to the Masons. From 1949 to 1968 he held the chair of Indo-European civilizations, which he founded at the College de France. In 1978 he became a member of the French Academy.

trifunctionality

Knowing about thirty languages \u200b\u200b(Greek, Latin, German, English, Persian, Sanskrit, Polish, Russian, etc.), the comparison between mythological texts preserved and transmitted religious practices of the various Indo-European peoples allows you to make your key finding, the trifunctionality by 1938. Traditional Indo-European society is divided into three roles (sovereign, warrior and producer) and the tripartite division is reflected in their myths and religious practice. This parallel between the tripartite division in society and the mythic-religious context is specific to the Indo-European world, which is the main finding of Dumézil .

rejection of structuralism

structuralist anthropology develops a methodological approach for the observation of primitive societies and, from there, extrapolate to the human group. The work mode is opposed Dumézil this: he believes that such an extrapolation is illegitimate and that each village or group of peoples united by ethnic-cultural similarity corresponds to a particular worldview. In Scythians and Ossetians shows a clear example of this: the Indo-European people are not the Abkhazians, Ossetians neighbors, Indo-Europeans, is unable to correctly interpret and integrate mythological texts Ossetians. The same thing happens to cherkeses, nor are Indo-European.

political controversy

In the 1980s several historians accused of condescension Dumézil plot and Nazis. Advantage to give substance to this accusation Dumézil participation at the beginning of the previous decade, in the patronage of the journal Nouvelle Ecole directly related to the current of thought known as Nouvelle Droite (New Right). It soon became clear that Dumézil is a scholar interested in Indo-European mythology, not politics.

Obras

- Myths and Gods of the Germans. test comparative interpretation , PUF, 1939

- Mitra-Varuna - Test on two shows Indo-European sovereignty , PUF, 1940

- Horace and Curiatii , Gallimard, 1942

- Tarpeia. Tests of Indo-European comparative philology , Gallimard, 1947

- Loki , GP Maisonneuve, 1948

- The Third Sovereign. Essay on Indo-Iranian god Aryaman and the formation of the mythical history of Ireland , GP Maisonneuve, 1949

- The Gods of the Indo-Europeans , PUF, 1952

- The Saga Hadingus (Saxo Grammaticus, I, V-VIII). Dy myth novel , PUF, 1953

- Rituals Indo-European Rome, Klincksieck, 1954

- aspects of the civil war in Indo-European , PUF, 1956

- Tales desOubykhs , Institute of Ethnology, 1957

- The Tripartite Ideology of the Indo-Europeans , Latomus, 1958

- The Gods of the Germans. Essay on the formation of the Norse religion , PUF, 1959

- Documents on the Anatolian languages \u200b\u200band traditions of the Caucasus. Vol. I , Adrien Maisonneuve, 1960

- Documents on the Anatolian languages \u200b\u200band traditions of the Caucasus. Vol. II, Museum of Man, 1962

- Documents on the Anatolian languages \u200b\u200band traditions of the Caucasus. Vol. III, Museum of Man, 1965

- The Book of Heroes. Legends on Narte , Gallimard, 1965

- Documents on the Anatolian languages \u200b\u200band traditions of the Caucasus. Vol. IV , PUF, 1967

- Documents on the Anatolian languages \u200b\u200band traditions of the Caucasus. Vol. V , Adrien Maisonneuve, 1967

- Myth and epic . Tomo I: The Ideology of three functions in the epics of the Indo-European Gallimard, 1968

- Myth and epic . Tomo II: Types epic Indo-European: a hero, a witch, a king , Gallimard, 1971

- Myth and epic . Tomo III: Stories Roman Gallimard, 1973

- Roman Festivals Summer and autumn, followed by ten Roman Questions , Gallimard, 1975

- Gods sovereign Indo-Europeans , Gallimard, 1977

- Novels of Scythia and the surrounding , Payot, 1978